feat(absences) : fondation backend du module de gestion des absences

Module type Payfit (étapes 1+2 de la spec V1) : demande d'absence, validation
admin, soldes à jour.

- Enums : AbsenceType, AbsenceStatus, HalfDay, ContractType, FamilySituation
- Entités : AbsencePolicy, AbsenceBalance, AbsenceRequest + champs RH sur User
- Services : PublicHolidayProvider (fériés FR métropole en PHP pur, Computus),
  AbsenceDayCalculator (décompte jours ouvrés/ouvrables + demi-journées, TDD),
  AbsenceBalanceService (périodes + pending/taken/recrédit)
- API Platform : providers/processors (création, approve/reject/cancel) + RBAC
  me/admin, contrôleurs preview (dry-run), upload/download justificatif, calendrier
- Migrations : une par table + colonnes RH user (DEFAULT puis DROP DEFAULT)
- Fixtures : 5 policies par défaut, salariés démo, soldes et demandes
- Tests unitaires : PublicHolidayProvider, AbsenceDayCalculator (12 tests)

Co-Authored-By: Claude Opus 4.7 (1M context) <noreply@anthropic.com>

src/Entity/AbsenceBalance.php

@@ -0,0 +1,163 @@
+<?php
+
+declare(strict_types=1);
+
+namespace App\Entity;
+
+use ApiPlatform\Metadata\ApiResource;
+use ApiPlatform\Metadata\Get;
+use ApiPlatform\Metadata\GetCollection;
+use ApiPlatform\Metadata\Patch;
+use App\Enum\AbsenceType;
+use App\Repository\AbsenceBalanceRepository;
+use App\State\AbsenceBalanceProvider;
+use Doctrine\DBAL\Types\Types;
+use Doctrine\ORM\Mapping as ORM;
+use Symfony\Component\Serializer\Attribute\Groups;
+
+/**
+ * Per-employee, per-type leave balance for a given reference period.
+ */
+#[ApiResource(
+    operations: [
+        new GetCollection(
+            paginationEnabled: false,
+            security: "is_granted('ROLE_USER')",
+            provider: AbsenceBalanceProvider::class,
+        ),
+        new Get(
+            security: "is_granted('ROLE_USER')",
+            provider: AbsenceBalanceProvider::class,
+        ),
+        new Patch(security: "is_granted('ROLE_ADMIN')"),
+    ],
+    normalizationContext: ['groups' => ['absence_balance:read']],
+    denormalizationContext: ['groups' => ['absence_balance:write']],
+)]
+#[ORM\Entity(repositoryClass: AbsenceBalanceRepository::class)]
+#[ORM\Table(name: 'absence_balance')]
+#[ORM\UniqueConstraint(name: 'uniq_absence_balance_user_type_period', columns: ['user_id', 'type', 'period'])]
+class AbsenceBalance
+{
+    #[ORM\Id]
+    #[ORM\GeneratedValue]
+    #[ORM\Column]
+    #[Groups(['absence_balance:read'])]
+    private ?int $id = null;
+
+    #[ORM\ManyToOne(targetEntity: User::class)]
+    #[ORM\JoinColumn(nullable: false, onDelete: 'CASCADE')]
+    #[Groups(['absence_balance:read'])]
+    private ?User $user = null;
+
+    #[ORM\Column(type: Types::STRING, length: 32, enumType: AbsenceType::class)]
+    #[Groups(['absence_balance:read'])]
+    private AbsenceType $type;
+
+    /** Reference period, e.g. "2025-2026" for paid leave or "2025" for yearly. */
+    #[ORM\Column(length: 16)]
+    #[Groups(['absence_balance:read'])]
+    private ?string $period = null;
+
+    #[ORM\Column(type: Types::FLOAT)]
+    #[Groups(['absence_balance:read', 'absence_balance:write'])]
+    private float $acquired = 0.0;
+
+    #[ORM\Column(type: Types::FLOAT)]
+    #[Groups(['absence_balance:read', 'absence_balance:write'])]
+    private float $taken = 0.0;
+
+    /** Sum of days in PENDING requests, for information. */
+    #[ORM\Column(type: Types::FLOAT)]
+    #[Groups(['absence_balance:read'])]
+    private float $pending = 0.0;
+
+    #[Groups(['absence_balance:read'])]
+    public function getAvailable(): float
+    {
+        return $this->acquired - $this->taken;
+    }
+
+    #[Groups(['absence_balance:read'])]
+    public function getLabel(): string
+    {
+        return $this->type->label();
+    }
+
+    public function getId(): ?int
+    {
+        return $this->id;
+    }
+
+    public function getUser(): ?User
+    {
+        return $this->user;
+    }
+
+    public function setUser(?User $user): static
+    {
+        $this->user = $user;
+
+        return $this;
+    }
+
+    public function getType(): AbsenceType
+    {
+        return $this->type;
+    }
+
+    public function setType(AbsenceType $type): static
+    {
+        $this->type = $type;
+
+        return $this;
+    }
+
+    public function getPeriod(): ?string
+    {
+        return $this->period;
+    }
+
+    public function setPeriod(string $period): static
+    {
+        $this->period = $period;
+
+        return $this;
+    }
+
+    public function getAcquired(): float
+    {
+        return $this->acquired;
+    }
+
+    public function setAcquired(float $acquired): static
+    {
+        $this->acquired = $acquired;
+
+        return $this;
+    }
+
+    public function getTaken(): float
+    {
+        return $this->taken;
+    }
+
+    public function setTaken(float $taken): static
+    {
+        $this->taken = $taken;
+
+        return $this;
+    }
+
+    public function getPending(): float
+    {
+        return $this->pending;
+    }
+
+    public function setPending(float $pending): static
+    {
+        $this->pending = $pending;
+
+        return $this;
+    }
+}